In 2019, investigative journalists in Ghana have had their offices raided and have been detained and murdered—previously unimaginable actions in Ghana. Ghana has a relatively strong set of institutions surrounding its elections that should strengthen these buffers. The charges against him are widely seen as politically motivated. This distrust is exacerbated by the fact that Somalia has no truly independent electoral commission, allowing the national government wide latitude to control the process. Likewise, the second and third runners-up from the May 2019 election, Chakwera and Chilima will run against the DPP-UDF alliance. This mission was established by the Council on 9 December 2019 and is expected to be launched in the spring of 2020. The Central African Republic (CAR) is making progress as it prepares for presidential and legislative elections in December, but the political situation is still fragile - and security conditions volatile - amidst the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, UN peacekeeping chief Jean-Pierre Lacroix said on Monday. Progress made toward military professionalism between 2000 and 2015 has been largely reversed, with the armed forces increasingly polarized along ethnic and political lines. How will political leaders respond if electoral results do not match their expectations? An increased security presence is likely at any election-related event. In January 2019, Alain Lobognan, a parliamentarian close to Soro, was arrested and sentenced to a year in jail and fined about $520 for posting a “fake news tweet.”. The top court in Central African Republic (CAR) rejected on Thursday the candidacy of former President François Bozizé in a December 27 election being held despite security concerns because of fighting between rival militias. Burundi’s opposition leader Agathon Rwasa is claiming an early victory in the country’s first presidential election in five years. Joseph Siegle is Research Director and Candace Cook is Research Assistant at the Africa Center for Strategic Studies. The former ruling Kwa Na Kwa party held its third convention from 12 to 18 August 2019, during which it announced its departure from the presidential majority and intention to align with opposition political parties.  Russia’s biggest aluminum company, Rusal, owns a major bauxite mine in Guinea and gets a quarter of its bauxite from the country. Flickr Description of electoral system: The President is elected by absolute majority vote through a two-round system to serve a 5-year term. Ghana has an active civil society that has facilitated a culture of debate and dialogue among the competing actors. While observers said Touadéra’s candidacy was certain, he took his time before officially making the announcement. Opponents believe the outcome was facilitated by Condé’s stacking of the Independent National  Electoral Commission with loyalists. As Burundi works its way toward 2020 elections, there are new reports of threats from the Imbonerakure, the youth wing of the ruling CNDD-FDD party known for its violence toward the political opposition of President Pierre Nkurunziza. Early September 2019, for at least the second time in the year, the Mouvement des libérateurs centrafricains pour la justice (MLCJ) and the Front Populaire pour la Renaissance de la Centrafrique (FPRC) faced off in the town of Birao in the northern Central African Republic (CAR). Current president Faure Gnassingbé, who has been in power since 2005 when his father died, is expected to extend his rule as he’s now expected to be the sole candidate on the ballot. 2020, thus, represents an important benchmark of whether African citizens (especially its increasingly active and networked youth), regional organizations, and international partners will tolerate efforts to erode democratic norms—or whether a renewed effort to uphold certain standards will gain traction. This is likely to be highly divisive and potentially explosive. The top court in the Central African Republic (CAR) has rejected the candidacy of former President Francois Bozize in the December 27 election. Central African Republic President Touadera Announces Second Term Bid By Reuters , Wire Service Content Sept. 26, 2020 By Reuters , Wire Service Content Sept. 26, 2020, at 2:06 p.m. The Central African Republic elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The party also announc ed that the former President, François Bozizé, would be its candidate in the upcoming presidential election, reiterating its demand that the Government allow Mr. Bozizé, who remains subject to a national arrest warrant and international sanctions, to retur n to the country. Last week, former Central African Republic president Francois Bozizé returned to the country after more than six years in exile. Assembly: Central African Republic has a unicameral National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale) with 105 seats. The national defence and security forces are now patrolling the entire country and several important police-training sessions have been held. Ouattara’s interest in extending his time in power may be, in part, to fend off an alliance between former presidents Henri Konan Bédié, 81, and Laurent Gbagbo, 75, representing the pre-Ouattara political order, which is preparing to compete for the presidency in 2020. President Faustin-Archange Touadéra launched the first special mixed security unit authorized under the Agreement in the north-west on 16 October, he reported, noting that additional units are planned in the north-east and south-west. The Central African Republic has been in turmoil since a violent takeover of power in 2013. CAR is also at the center of geostrategic tensions. Burundian soldiers dispersing protesters in Bujumbura in 2015. The degree to which the African Union and international partners are willing to recognize such an outcome in Tanzania will, in turn, have implications for governance norms elsewhere on the continent. The president is elected for a five-year term by the people. He hopes to contest this year’s election, though he must first clear some legal hurdles stemming from past criminal charges, which he claims are politically motivated. Opposition groups are skeptical regarding a clause in the proposed electoral law that allows delaying elections and the government to remain in power until elections are held. In his effort to build an inclusive government that can bring peace, Touadéra negotiated a peace agreement in February 2019 that granted rebel leaders 13 ministerial positions and introduced Mixed Special Security Units (USMS) pairing government and rebel security forces. Bédié and Gbagbo hail from the relatively more prosperous and Christian south, which has traditionally held power in the country to the exclusion of the more rural and largely Muslim north. (Photo: Kremlin.ru). Recent years have also seen increased pressure on civil society and the media. Burundi’s elections take place in the long shadow of the country’s 2015 elections when President Pierre Nkurunziza, already in power for 10 years, defied the constitution’s two-term limit to seek a third term. However, ECOWAS has been notably passive in responding to Togo’s persistent democratic deficit. The differences have frayed trust and resulted in declining levels of cooperation between Mogadishu and the outlying regions. Attempts by Government officials to engage the group in dialogue were unsuccessful. Insecurity poses another serious threat to the election. In short, the layers of complex challenges facing Somalia rightly temper expectations in the lead-up to the anticipated elections. In short, having failed to stop Nkurunziza’s violation of term limits in 2015, Burundi is in the throes of a self-inflicted political crisis with grave humanitarian consequences that shows no signs of abating. After three tumultuous decades of misrule - mostly by military governments - civilian rule was established in 1993 but lasted only a decade. Attempts by extremist groups to stoke intercommunal tensions, moreover, have frayed Burkina Faso’s long-cherished sense of national unity. By contrast, in 2014, Burkina Faso did not suffer from any such attacks. Moreover, given Tanzania’s highly centralized political structure, Magufuli directly appoints all key government positions, from district commissioners to judges. Martin Ziguelé, 63 years old, is running for the 2020 Central African Republic presidential election planned for 27 December 2020. A graduate of the International Insurance Institute of Yaoundé (IIA) Ziguelé is an insurance expert. Insurance expert runs for the 2020 Central African Republic presidential election Martin Ziguelé, 63 years old, is running for the 2020 Central African Republic presidential election planned for 27 December 2020. Moreover, political space for opposition groups and media has expanded under Touadéra. Faustin-Archange Touadéra, President of the Central African Republic, speaks during the first anniversary of the Central African Republic peace agreement at the Palais de la Renaissance in Bangui on February 6, 2020. Working with a weak slate of security and justice institutions, Touadéra relies heavily on MINUSCA, the UN peacekeeping and stabilization mission, for security. Niger is undertaking this democratic transition while combating an increasingly aggressive insurgency from militant Islamist groups. Togo’s electoral playing field is unbalanced, with the Independent National Electoral Commission, judiciary, and state media led by loyalists to Faure Gnassingbé. The dominant issue in Guinea’s 2020 presidential election is 81-year-old President Alpha Condé’s effort to seek a constitutionally prohibited third presidential term. A woman voting in the 2016 Ghana election. The former leaders’ parties organized a major joint rally in Abidjan in August 2019 despite their lack of common ground. Given the still nascent nature of Burkina Faso’s democracy, political parties remain relatively weak organizations with limited national networks. (Photo: USAID). Togolese protesters before police in Lomé in 2017. The prospect for such a historic moment has been shepherded by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, who upon taking the mantle of the premiership in April 2018, has opened up Ethiopia’s erstwhile tightly controlled political system. Underscoring the stakes at play, a majority of African elections in 2020 will be held in countries confronting or emerging from conflict, including Burkina Faso, Burundi, the Central African Republic, Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Niger, and Somalia. The process of democratic consolidation is a long one.… Progress cannot be taken for granted, lest previous gains be lost. Meanwhile, Nkurunziza has been given the titles of “Eternal Supreme Guide” and “Paramount Leader” in legislation approved in January 2020. This will strengthen the executive branch’s grip on Guinea’s Constitutional Court, further eroding its impartiality. Issoufou is completing his second 5-year term in office, and his stepping down will set a valuable precedent in Niger’s efforts to institutionalize this check on executive power. This has helped to focus the differences between the parties on issues of policy and vision, rather than personal attacks. Subsequently, he was sentenced to 5 years in prison. Ghana’s 2020 elections will be a test for the resiliency of Ghana’s institutions. They will allow continued engagement with armed groups on the peace accord, he said. In addition, political parties are now responsible for ensuring that at least 35 percent of their candidates are women. His actions since then seem aimed at realizing precisely that goal. More on:  Democratization​ Burkina Faso​ Burundi​ Central African Republic​ Côte d'Ivoire​ Ethiopia​ Ghana​ Guinea​ Niger​ Seychelles​ Somalia​ Tanzania​ Togo​, Twitter Faustin Archange Touadera, a former math professor and rank outsider in Central African Republic's presidential elections, has won a run-off vote to lead the war-torn country. As a result, Malawi’s 2020 presidential election do-over will be highly consequential, not only for choosing Malawi’s president for the next 5 years, but for upholding democratic standards in the region and across the continent. Leadership in times of insecurity, therefore, will be the central issue in this election—and one that may very likely overshadow the historic precedent of Niger managing a successful democratic succession. As with any transition, before new norms and institutions can be established, the example set by leaders will be enormously influential. Since then, demonstrations have continued in the tens of thousands. Popular distrust of the Agreement, in particular within the political opposition, continued as crucial preparations began for the presidential, legislative and local elections scheduled for 2020 and 2021, integral to an inclusive political process, indispensable to consolidate democracy and vital to ensure political stability. During this period, the economy has contracted by a third, making CAR one of the poorest countries in Africa, with a per capita income of under $300. Burkina Faso’s 2020 election will be dominated by the twin themes of security and democratic consolidation. Tempering the excitement of the elections is the realization that neither the state nor the population has undertaken such a genuinely competitive process before. The Seychelles is expected to continue its steady strengthening of democratic institutions with the holding of presidential elections in October. Malawi’s democratic institutions have shown remarkable independence in pressing for a transparent tally for this election cycle and by resisting Mutharika’s attempts to subvert executive oversight. Their candidacies in … One of the most intriguing and consequential elections of the year will be in Ethiopia in what is effectively shaping up to be the first competitive democratic election in this country of 100 million people. Bédié’s presidency in the late 1990s was marred by accusations of corruption and the invocation of xenophobia under the guise of “Ivorianness.” Gbagbo, meanwhile, remains in Belgium pending an appeal at the International Criminal Court for crimes against humanity committed during the 2010-2011 electoral crisis sparked when he refused to step down after an electoral loss to Ouattara. var script = document.createElement("script"); On 30 July, the president of the opposition party, Union pour le Renouveau Centrafricain, Anicet Georges Dologuélé, publicly deplored corruption in the Government, in reaction to the findings of a parliamentary investigation into gold mining activities by foreign companies in Ouham-Pendé prefecture. In a televised New Year’s Eve address, Russia’s then-ambassador to Guinea, Alexander Bregadze, condoned the constitutional change telling Guineans that they would be “mad” to allow the “legendary” Condé to step down. FILE - In this Tuesday, Jan. 8, 2013 file photo, President of the Central African Republic Francois Bozize speaks to the media at the presidential palace in Bangui, Central African Republic. In this fraught climate, a controversial 2018 referendum extended presidential terms from 5 to 7 years and opened the door for Nkurunziza to run for a fourth term in 2020 and a fifth term in 2027. In February 2016, Magufuli stated that he would see to it that there would be no opposition political parties by the next general elections. President Roch Marc Christian Kaboré (Photo: Koch / MSC). Consequently, the strong link between governance and security in Africa will be on full display in 2020. One of the candidates, Jean-Pierre Fabre of the National Alliance for Change, garnered 35 percent of the votes in the 2015 presidential election, reflecting a strong base of support. Faure Gnassingbé took office in 2005 in a disputed election following the death of his father, Gnassingbé Eyadema, who had ruled the small West African country with an iron fist for 38 years. In fact, two of the country’s largest opposition parties, CHADEMA and ACT-Wazalendo, have since been threatened with deregistration. Soro was subsequently forced to divert his flight back to Abidjan to avoid being arrested. The group denounced the inclusion of armed group members in the Government, characterizing it as “high treason”. Fears that the violence could spread and engulf urban areas is worrying to many Burkinabe. Tellingly, however, the C-14 coalition of opposition parties that led the protests effectively disbanded once the term-limit reform was passed. According to Afrobarometer polling, 86 percent of citizens support a two-term limit in Côte d’Ivoire. Will winners pursue national or parochial interests once in office? These countries face crises sparked from previous exclusive power structures, militant Islamist insurgencies, and the challenges of building inclusive … The Seychelles has played a valuable role within Africa’s peace and security architecture through its interdiction and prosecution of transnational crimes committed on the western Indian Ocean, primarily piracy and narcotics trafficking. Bozizé fled the Central African Republic in March 2013 as the Seleka, a mostly Muslim rebel coalition from the northeast, took control of the country amid widespread abuse. 04-01-2020 18:22:44 ZULU. On 19 July 2019, the National Assembly adopted the electoral code amended after the decision of the Constitutional Court of 5 June to the effect that some aspects of the code were unconstitutional. In the past, the regional body has been a leading force in upholding democratic norms in the region (most recently by facilitating the departure of Yahya Jammeh after he was defeated at the ballot box in 2017), greatly elevating ECOWAS’s reputation. A longtime opposition candidate, Condé became Guinea’s first democratically elected president in 2010 following Guinea’s improbable shift toward democracy after decades of military government. The CNDD-FDD, however, has picked its Secretary General and hardline Interior Minister, General Evariste Ndayishimiye, to contest the upcoming elections. The Court also ordered Parliament to assess the competency of the Malawi Electoral Commission (MEC), leading to the resignation of the MEC chairperson viewed as a Mutharika loyalist. The Central African Republic announced that the next presidential election will be held on Sunday, December 27, 2020. Delays in voter registration would result in the entire electoral calendar slipping. The campaign for the first round of the presidential and legislative elections officially opened on Saturday in the Central African Republic, a country in civil war for more than seven years, where the outgoing Faustin-Archange Touadéra appears as the favorite. Togo’s notoriously fragmented opposition parties, supported by an energized diaspora, have been increasingly adamant in demanding an end to Togo’s dynastic rule and a transition to democracy. The headline of Togo’s presidential elections is President Faure Gnassingbé’s efforts to stay in power for a fourth term—and extending the hold his family has had on the presidency since 1967. Central African Republic Court Rejects Ex-President Bozize's Candidacy By Reuters , Wire Service Content Dec. 3, 2020 By Reuters , Wire Service Content Dec. 3, 2020, at 8:16 a.m. Subsequently, most of the country’s political opposition, civil society leaders, and independent media fled the country or have been imprisoned, tortured, or murdered. Underlining the African Union’s commitment to the Political Agreement — and its support in helping the parties adhere strictly to the electoral timetable — SMAIL CHERGUI, Commissioner for Peace and Security, African Union, called upon all stakeholders to push forward within those frameworks, while urging the Security Council to grant MINUSCA an appropriate mandate to support the timetable. Consequently, there are many open questions regarding electoral rules and how political actors and citizens will engage in this process. A 2019 UN Commission of Inquiry on Burundi investigation found that the eight common risk factors for atrocity crimes are all present in Burundi. These countries face crises sparked from previous exclusive power structures, militant Islamist insurgencies, and the challenges of building inclusive national visions from polarized polities. A Russian national, Valery Zakharov, now serves as Touadéra’s national security advisor, raising concerns over CAR’s compromised sovereignty. Six months after the peace deal was concluded between the government of the CAR and 14 armed groups, several serious challenges continued to affect the stability of the country and could cause the collapse of the peace agreement. However, in this case, approval for the referendum was granted solely by the speaker of the National Assembly. The political crisis has also led to the fragmentation of the security sector. The margin in the 2012 elections was particularly close, involving an appeal and a Supreme Court ruling to determine the winner. Central African Republic President Faustin-Archange Touadera has announced he will run in the December election in the country ravaged by more than seven years of civil war. Mahama won when the two ran against each other in 2012. The law would also require the elected president to nominate a prime minister from the party that wins the most seats in Parliament. However, the Constitutional Court’s ruling cited widespread irregularities, including duplicate forms and the use of Tippex correction fluid and missing signatures on some result sheets. Intimidation from Burundi’s police and youth militia, the Imbonerakure, who act in support of the ruling CNDD-FDD party, continue to characterize the political environment. It is in this context that President Faustin-Archange Touadéra is seeking a second term in office. However, the 78-year-old Ouattara has claimed that a new constitution adopted in 2016 has reset the term-limit clock and that he may indeed run for a third term. Digest. script.setAttribute("async", true); Opponents contend that Condé has increasingly governed in an authoritarian manner. Positively, 2019 also saw the passage of Ghana’s Right to Information law—the culmination of a two-decade effort to expand access to information from—and therefore improve oversight of—public institutions. Central African Republic: the delegation of high representatives met François Bozizé 2020-12-13T13:08:33.376Z. The overarching political issue shaping the process is the tension between President Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo and his vision of a strong central state and the constituent Federal Member States (FMS), which favor a more decentralized system of power sharing. In October 2019, Jacques Mangoua, a leading figure in the opposition Democratic Party of Côte d’Ivoire–African Democratic Rally (PDCI–RDA), was arrested for allegedly possessing weapons at his home. At stake is Côte d’Ivoire’s reputation as an economic and security anchor in West Africa. While Mutharika has attempted to sidestep the Constitutional Court decisions, on May 8, 2020, the Supreme Court rejected Mutharika’s appeal and unanimously upheld the Constitutional Court’s ruling, paving the way for the fresh elections. CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC Issue dated 13/07/2020 Ex-president Catherine Samba-Panza eyes return to top job Catherine Samba-Panza, who served as interim president of the Central African Republic during the transition that followed the coup of 2013, will soon be announcing that she will run for president in December 2020. The report highlighted legal anomalies in granting mining permits and negative environmental and health impacts of mining activities. Key to the success of any agreement will be overcoming Somalia’s winner-take-all political culture that has led successive national governments to eschew compromise and attempts to build inclusive coalitions. UNITED NATIONS (AP) — The U.N. envoy for Central African Republic said Monday the country “is very definitely on its way to holding successful elections” in… Previously, the president was free to choose a prime minister independently. Only presidential candidates who participated in the nullified May 2019 elections will be allowed to run. Al Shabaab remains well entrenched and controls large swathes of the country, meaning voter outreach and access will be limited. The aftermath saw armed groups conclude a multitude of peace agreements even as they continued to fight each other and launch attacks on the civilian population. The Mouvement des Requins de Centrafrique, an amorphous group that emerged to counter E Zingo Biani, announced its dissolution in July 2019. var d = new Date(); Here are some of the key issues to watch: * In addition, there are 8 legislative elections this year: Comoros (January 19), Cameroon (February 9), Guinea (March 1), Chad (January–March)†, Gabon (April 4)†, Mali (May 2), Egypt (November), and Liberia (December 8).† Postponed due to coronavirus. The FNP is led by former president and leader of the Islamic Courts Union, which controlled Mogadishu in 2006, Sheikh Sharif Ahmed. President; Tajikstan President 2020; Tajikstan Parliament 2020; Tajikistan Referendum 2016; Tajikistan Assembly of Representatives 2015; Search . In the Central African Republic, the smooth conduct of the December 2020 elections will be essential for the country's stability. To the extent that these gain traction, parties and political actors will have incentives to advance unifying themes. A map of the regions and zones of Ethiopia. These divisions carry over into the security sector. He went on to welcome the convergence of positions on the part of the African Union, the United Nations and the European Union, stressing: “It is essential that the international community collectively continue to support the implementation of the [Political Agreement] which remains the point of reference for the return of stability in the country.” He added: “There is no Plan B.”. The issue to watch will be whether the opposition can become sufficiently organized to offer a united front to overcome Faure Gnassingbé’s influence on the electoral process. To the extent that the central government and the FMS can use the occasion as an incentive to engage in a genuine dialogue on a functional power-sharing structure for Somalia, the process creates an opportunity to lay a stronger foundation for Somalia’s long-fragile state. The outcome of these competing forces will determine whether Côte d’Ivoire continues on the path of political reform and economic growth (which, at 7 percent per year, is among the highest in Africa) or lurches back to a form of unaccountable exclusionary governance that triggered the 2003 and 2010 civil conflicts. Similarly, opposition figure Nathalie Yamb of the Lider party was expelled from Côte d’Ivoire in December 2019 after suggesting France exerted undue influence over the Ouattara government. document.cookie = "__adblocker=" + (adblocker ? Central African Republic Court Rejects Ex-President Bozize's Candidacy By Reuters , Wire Service Content Dec. 3, 2020 By Reuters , Wire Service Content Dec. 3, 2020, at 8:16 a.m. Long one of Africa’s most fragile states and facing Africa’s most active militant Islamist group, al Shabaab, Somalia’s parliamentary election scheduled for the end of the year will be a major test of its fledgling democratic process. With a still weak security sector, the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) continues to be an indispensable actor in providing security in the urban areas. Togo will hold the first African presidential election of the year on Feb. 22. Barring motivations to remain part of a unified national vision, regionally based politicians will have strong incentives to appeal to ethnic nationalist tropes in order to mobilize supporters. Why does it matter? The Government and partners continue to stress that strong support by MINUSCA is e ssential throughout the electoral process, given the limited capacity of national counterparts and the significant technical, logistical, operational and security challenges. It was declared consistent with the Constitution on 14 August following the revocation of certain articles, including one requiring Government members to resign from their posts to be eligible to contest legislative seats. 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